Women in Christianity

Women in Christianity Women are oppressed by the religion of Christianity. For the religion of Christianity the equal rights for women is a great unfulfilled concern, from time beyond memory they have been dependent to man, in the family, and with restrained rights and involvement in worship. This is a big and intricate matter as Christianity is one of the major religions in the world. Is the opinion that Christianity oppresses women, based on historical facts or is the misinterpretation of these out of context scriptures; Let us look to the bible for some answers and solutions to the chaos and confusion with which modern women are confronted. Throughout the Bible, men were the heads of families and were the leaders. Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Noah, David, Solomon, Joseph and many more. As a result , it stands to reason and historical fact that the Bible is indeed patriarchal. But does this inevitably mean that women are oppressed and degraded? Genesis(1:26-27) Then God said Let us make man in our image, after our likeness, and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the birds of the air.. So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them It was not Adam alone, but Eve who made up Gods image, and thus, women are a part of this creation story, not demeaned but fully equal in the benefits provided by God. Arguing the idea that the male gender was created first is like twins arguing about who is greater due to which emerged first from the womb. They were created equally and with the intention of reflecting Gods image in their own union, man and wife. http://www.religioustolerance.org/lfe_bibl.htm The Bible teaches that man and woman were co-participants in the Fall: Adam and Eve were both responsible. Gen 3:6; Rom 5:12-21; The Bible teaches that both man and woman were created in Gods image, had a direct relationship with God, and shared jointly the responsibilities of bearing and bringing up children and having dominion over all the earth, and over all the creatures. In first-century Palestine, the way Jesus treated women was considered revolutionary. Jesus Christ taught that women were just as responsible for growing in grace and knowledge as men when it came to being one of his followers. Jesus expected women as well as men to learn from him. The Bible does not say how many women moved around with Jesus and his male disciples, but definitely Luke records the names of a prominent few, and mentions there were â€Å"many others.† Jesus walked through towns and countryside, preaching and giving the good news of the kingdom of God. The Twelve followed him, and also some women who had been healed of evil spirits and diseases: Mary called Magdalene, who had been freed of seven demons; Joanna, wife of Chuza, Herods steward: Susanna and others who provided for them out of their own funds. (Luke 8:1-3) It was the women who stayed at the foot of the Cross. The mother of Jesus, Mary, the other Mary, and Mary Magdalene with only one of the Apostle John, the beloved disciple. And it was Mary Magdalene who went early at the tomb and It was a woman who found the most important phenomenon in history, the Resurrection of Jesus. In that time in history and culture , women were considered to be not reliable and they were not permitted to be witnesses in court. And yet Jesus wanted a women as his strongest witnesses, and accomplish his greatest works. Jesus asked Mary to bring the announcement to the apostles, so we see that he relied on women to bring the men to him. Christianity today has a lot to thank women for, as men disbelieved, questioned, and ran away, but the women gathered them and lead them back to Jesus. Now, one major issue is Saint Paul. He comes across as a big misogynist. But is our interpretation accurate? In 1 Timothy 2: 11-13, Paul says, Let a woman quietly receive instruction and be submissive. I allow no woman to teach or to have authority over men. Let them be quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve. Adam was not deceived ,it was the woman who was deceived and fell into sin. But she will be saved through motherhood, provided that her life be orderly and holy, in faith and love. St. Paul has been the victim of a bad press as far as women are concerned. Some have regarded him as the one whose basic message to women is to shut up, cover their heads and listen to their husbands. In the thirteen letters of St. Paul, there are probably no passages that are as difficult for modern Western readers as those having to do with women. To clear Paul of charges of misogyny, perhaps we need to look at some historical considerations: Paul was brought up as a Jew in the sect of the Pharisees until his adult life. In the Judaism in which Paul was reared, relationships between men and women were subject to the laws of ritual impurity. If a man so much as touched a woman at the wrong time of the month he could become ritually impure himself. In Leviticus, the law stipulates that a woman who has given birth to a daughter must undergo a period of purification twice as long as that for the birth of a son. And among the daily prayers â€Å"the Eighteen Benedictions† recited by Jewish men is this: â€Å"Blessed Thou art, O Lord, for not having created me a woman.† So St. Paul grew up regarding to women in a particular way, and some of the comments he makes about women can probably be credited to his own background. http://tzion.org/articles/EighteenBenedictions.htm Womens status and freedoms were definitely restricted by Jewish law and custom. As we mentioned already they were not permitted to be witnesses in court trials. They could not go out in public, or talk to strangers. They had to be double veiled when they went out of their homes. They were excluded from the worship and teaching of God, with status barely above that of slaves. Their place in society was set in the Hebrew Scriptures and in the interpretation of those scriptures. In a Jewish and Hellenistic environment, the submission of the wife to the husband went without question as considered the foundation of the family order, and in therefore of the order of society.† For many scholars ,the first Christians had been accused of rocking the boat, and Paul wanted to make it clear that Christians were not anarchists. Therefore, Pauls statements about women tend to take on a different tone altogether if seen within the context of all of his writings, actually they serve to reflect and reinforce the message of mutual submission in Christ. (Lynda L.1990 pg.21) In fact in Galatians 3:27-8: The Same Paul says All of you who were given to Christ through baptism have put on Christ. Here there is no longer any difference between Jew nor Greek, or between slave or freed, or between man and woman: but all of you are one in Christ Jesus. This doesnt mean that the borders no longer exist in this life; Paul was not out to abolish slavery and to struggle for the social equality of women. His concern was not for the improvement of present social structures but for the establishment of unity in the church, the one body of Christ, and then as one in Christ all other issues would be overcome. One important point is that Paul, depended on women to help him in his ministry, and he thanks them in his letters by name, Phoebe, a deaconess of the church, â€Å"she helped many and among them myself † (Romans 16:2). In Philippians (4:2-3) Evodia and Syntyche of whom, he says, â€Å"they have laboured with me in the service of the gospel.† And finally If he really despised marriage, would he have spoken so warmly and repeatedly of the couple Prisca and Aquila, whom he referred to as â€Å"my helpers in Christ Jesus. To save my life they risked theirs; I am very grateful to them, as are all the churches of pagan nations.† As seen Women have exerted a special influence on Christian life and have profoundly affected its spirituality, but the exact nature of this relationship has yet to be fully understood. Holy women throughout history have struggled over the nature of women`s calling within the church. Christianity has been, both a liberating force for women and the cause of their oppression. But we would like to conclude with an uplifting message, God is still saying today to those of us who are willing to listen a message that will clear us of any doubts towards gender equality; â€Å"In heaven, men and women will stand together praising God †. (REV. 22:3-5) A clear picture or even better the eternal picture, about women in Christianity. Bibliography: Christian Community Bible, Claretian Publication, Quezon City, Philippines. LYNDA L.1990 pg.21,The gentle strength, university press of Virginia, USA FRANK WESTON,2001. The Revelation of Eternal Love: Christianity Stated in Terms of LoveBiblio Bazaar, Oxford UK http://tzion.org/articles/EighteenBenedictions.htm (accessed 7/03/2010) http://www.religioustolerance.org/lfe_bibl.htm (accessed 7/03/2010)

Construction Of A Glass Squash Court Engineering Essay

For centuries people have played games that involve hitting ball with racket against wall or back and Forth to each other across cyberspace. The most common illustration is tennis. In 19th century the captives were exercised by doing them to hit little and difficult ball around the walls of big room in the fleet prison in London, England. Subsequently this game became popular in English public school. Squash game was invented at Harrow School, England around 1830 and all of a sudden exploded its popularity worldwide in 1970 ‘s. The ground for the dramatic growing is because squash is a athletics which combines fittingness, merriment and competition. Squash is one of the fastest and most athletic athleticss. This is an international athletics played between two or four participants in a four walled tribunal with a little hallow gum elastic by hitting rubber ball against walls. The participants strike the ball alternately on to the forepart wall, which is 4.75 metres high. Player s can hit the ball straight to the forepart wall or utilize the sidewalls and rise up wall to make elusive winning shootings. Playing squash develops velocity, endurance, legerity, coordination and tribunal understanding. The mean length of the game is less than 45 proceedingss. The popularity of the game is due in big portion to the competitory exercise it generates in a little span of clip. The squash game is simple to larn and it ‘s hard to get the hang. The challenge is to accomplish end against more skilled opposition and you ‘ll play as you improve. This game is mentally and physically run outing and at the terminal of the twenty-four hours you will be satisfied and exhilarated and perchance small tired. The international tribunal was codified by London ; England in 1920 ‘s, with the dimension of 9.75 metre long and 6.4 metre broad. Squash tribunal is a rectangular box with perpendicular walls and changing in tallness, being front wall, side walls and back wall. It has a clear floor and clear height above tribunal. The squash tribunal is constructed by many stuffs supplying suited recoil and safe to play ; nevertheless, the World Squash Federation publishes tribunal specification which recommends criterions. Squash tribunal is constructed by walls or toughened glass ; there are three different types of wall systems: 1 ) Armourcoat difficult plaster: is 100 % gypsum based plaster system formulated with high impact opposition. This is been installed in over 40 states and accreditation with universe squash federation. This system contains no cement based merchandise, therefore extinguishing shrinking and emphasis snap. The entire system thickness is 12.7mm consisting of 2 bed of base coat plaster and 3 beds of finish coat plaster which is applied on moisture for lasting bond and smooth coating. Armourcoat requires no painted coating, finished coat available in bluish, green, white and xanthous coloring material. Armourcoat walls can be cleaned utilizing family, non-abrasive cleaners with scouring tablets and rinse with clean H2O. 2 ) Doweloc border grain: is superior in quality and lastingness, length of service proven is 60+ twelvemonth ‘s tribunal and still in drama. Doweloc is a Northern difficult maple ; edge grain system consists of lingua and groove wood strips held firmly by the aluminum joggle. Each 12inch subdivision is composed of 14 border grain pieces. Walls are so painted to procure wood based on the use of the tribunal. 3 ) High denseness fiberesin panel: is the pre – finished playing surface and engineered specifically for racquetball, handball and squash tribunal. It is a solid and rock difficult sheet stuff used to run into a stiff specifications and demands demanded for the fast action athleticss tribunal. It is composed of high denseness particle board nucleuss and multiple beds of thermalset rosin impregnated sheets that are moulded in hydraulic imperativenesss under controlled heat and force per unit area into sheets of changing thickness and denseness. Fiberesin requires no refinishing and merely occasional lavation. Glass walls: is a replacement for the walls which been mentioned above, since 1980 ‘s vouching to run into universe squash federations high proficient criterions. Glass walls are crystalline, so it makes game seeable for witnesss. Walls must non merely be crystalline, it has to be tough plenty to bounce the difficult ball without interrupting. Since normal glass is non difficult to defy the force per unit area of the ball toughened glass is used. Toughened or tampered glass is really much strong and satisfies all the criterions of universe squash federation, like strength, transparence and safety etc. Toughened glassA is been processed by controlledA thermalA or chemical interventions to increase its strength compared with normal glass. Tempered glass is made by procedures which create balanced internal emphasiss which give the glass strength. It will normally shatter into little fragments alternatively of crisp sherds when broken, doing it less likely to do terrible hurt and deep lacerations. As a consequence of its safety and strength, toughened glass is used in a assortment of applications. The 12mm toughened glass panels are designed to supply a flush coating and easy panel accommodation and alliance. The panels are joined by particular spot adjustments and 15mm thick glass fives. Joints between the glass panels are filled with a clear silicone sealer, to finish the continuity of the glass and guarantee a true playing surface that is tough plenty to defy force per unit area from either ball or participant. This joint constellation distributes and reduces emphasiss, minimizes warp, quiver or harm, and provides true ball recoil.RECOMMENDED STANDARDS OF CONSTRUCTIONInternational Squash tribunal is been constructed from glass or transparent stuffs, to do game seeable for the witnesss. Spectator countries may be located behind the plane of any wall of the tribunal. Play may be televised, filmed, photographed or recorded in any manner from above the tribunal or through any of the walls. No camera or any equipment is projected into the tribunal or below the clear tallness of the tribunal. Camera panels may be incorporated in any portion of the tribunal playing walls provided that any such panel shall: ( a ) Be flush with the next wall surfaces on the tribunal side ( B ) Match every bit closely as possible the coloring material of the next surfaces on the tribunal side. ( degree Celsius ) Have similar recoil features to the environing tribunal playing surface ( vitamin D ) Be fixed in such a manner as to defy indefinitely the impact of the ball, rackets and participants in normal drama ( vitamin E ) Be constructed of a stuff ( for illustration safety glass ) which will non be apt to do serious hurt to participants or witnesss if it breaks. Court dimensions and tolerances: is the of import criterion which has to be taken into history. The dimension of the tribunal varies based singles or doubles tribunal. The length and breadth of the singles tribunal is 9750mm and 6400mm severally with tolerance of plus or minus 10mm. Diagonals is 11665 millimeter and tolerance of plus or minus 25 millimeter. The dimensions of the doubles tribunal will be much more than singles tribunal. The length of the tribunal remains same, but breadth and diagonals will be more for doubles. Width is 7620 millimeter and Diagonals is 12375 millimeter, tolerance will be same as singles tribunal. For WSF recognised World and Regional events and Commonwealth Games, the breadth of the tribunal between playing surfaces may be expanded from 7620mm to 8420mm. The Court Walls should be perpendicular to within plus or minus 5mm in a tallness of 2 meters when measured within 250 millimeters of each corner of the tribunal and at three extra intermediate points equally spaced along the length of each wall. The walls of the tribunal shall be straight to within plus or minus 15 millimeter in the length of any wall when measured horizontally at a tallness of 1 meters above finished floor degree. The floor shall be degree to within plus or minus 10 millimeter in the length, breadth and on the diagonals of the tribunal. The walls of the tribunal and all constituents of them shall be capable of defying all the emphasiss which may be placed upon them in normal drama and shall non endure any lasting or impermanent harm as a consequence of: the impact of balls or rackets, the impact of participants defined as equivalent to that of a human organic structure with a mass of 100kg and a coefficient of soaking up of 47 % ( i.e. 47 % of the impact energy is absorbed by the organic structure and 53 % transmitted to the wall ) , going at the minute of impact at a velocity of 4.5 meters per second and striking the wall at right angles to it over an country of non more than 0.25 square meters at a tallness to the Centre of the impact country of 1.47 meters ( plus or minus 50 millimeter ) over the whole of its length. Where tribunals have transparent walls they shall be constructed of safety stuffs tested in conformity with the appropriate national criterion and shall run into the declared demands for safe breakage. The walls of the tribunal shall non debar under the impact of the ball in normal drama to such an extent or in such a mode than the recoil of the ball is affected. The walls may debar under the impact of participants if it is necessary for their structural unity that they should make so ; nevertheless, they should non debar to such an extent or in such a mode so as to impact the safety of the participants. Any wall which deflects as above shall return to its original inactive place within one second of the initial impact and shall non endure any breakage or any lasting or impermanent harm as a consequence of the warp. All playing walls of the tribunal shall hold a difficult smooth finish. Any forepart or side walls, or any crystalline panel in the playing surface of the forepart or side walls, shall be treated and/or lit in such a mode as to do it non-reflecting when viewed from inside the tribunal. The mean coefficient of reflection of the forepart and side walls shall non be less than 50 % at any point when in a clean status. The coefficient of reflection of the forepart and side walls shall non change at any point by more than plus or minus 5 % of the mean coefficient of reflection. The ball shall bounce genuinely on striking all parts of the playing walls. The ball bounce shall be consistent over the whole country of each wall. All wall surfaces including crystalline stuffs shall hold surface clash such that the gait and wall angle features are tantamount to that encountered in a plaster tribunal. Any unfastened articulation in the coating of a wall of panel building shall non debar the recoil of the ball in any manner. There shall be no bulges of any sort into the tribunal at the junction of one wall with another. The bounciness of the ball shall be of even height and gait over the whole country of the floor. When viewed from vertically above the line of flight of the ball, the additive way of the ball shall non be affected when it bounces on the floor.SpecificationGlassAll walls and fives are 12mm clear tempered or toughened glass with finished borders. All holes on the playing side are countersunk and dimensioned to have particular flower mounted adjustments and hardware. A clear silicone compound is used to bond all articulations. No glass-to-glass or glass-to-metal contact is permitted.AdjustmentAll glass-to-glass connexions are manufactured in hi-tensile GSM Nylatron. Nylatron GSM is a dramatis personae and partly cross-linked. Nylatron GSM is manufactured by modifying Nylon 6 stuff by a carefully controlled degree of finely divided atoms of Mo disulphide additive. TheA Mo disulphide enhances its bearing and have on behavior without impairing the impact and weariness opposition built-in t o unmodified dramatis personae nylon classs. All parts are moulded for maximal strength. These parts will hold tensile strength of 773 to 984 kg/cmA? with Hardness durometer of 2.3 and Shear strength of 541 to 668 kg/cmA? . Base angle brackets which is been used to repair wall to the floor and are available in either steel or anodized aluminum. Size of the brackets will be 12 † ten 3 † x 2 1/2 † ten 1/4 † . Two ground tackle bolts of 11mm Defense Intelligence Agency. x 89mm are used for each angle bracket. Aluminium channels of size 25 ten 25 ten 3mm and Aluminium angles of size 50 ten 50 ten 6mm are used to keep panels and attached to fives.

Samples of Describe Yourself Essay Can Be Fun for Everyone

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Henry David Thoreau s Narrative Of The Life Of Fredrick...

Abolitionist Fredrick Douglass was born in â€Å"the backcountry of Maryland’s Eastern Shore† in 1818 (Gates et al. 327). By having a slave mother, Douglass was automatically considered a slave (Gates et al. 327). Therefore, he faced many masters and mistresses; however, he eventually gained his freedom by escaping. Although Douglass’s Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass, an American Slave is not the first of its genre, it is the best-selling eighteenth-century fugitive slave narrative, surpassing classic white autobiographies as Henry David Thoreau’s Walden (Gates et al. 327). Nevertheless, the narrative is memorable because of â€Å"Douglass’s style of self-presentation, through which he dramatized the evolution of his sense of self via conflict with the mental as well as the physical bonds of slavery† (Gates et al. 328). The narrative demonstrates that Douglass and other slaves’ birth information are not available to them . In addition, when he was about seven years old, his mother dies. Believing that his father is a white man, Douglass explains that many slaveholders rape their female slaves because according to the law, if a child has a colored mother, he/she would be a slave. Therefore, the master benefits from raping due to the number of slaves increasing. From an early age, Douglass observes the fear of slaves towards their masters/mistresses of telling the truth about how they are treated. If the slaves tell the truth, they are punished by their mastersShow MoreRelatedYour Freedom Is Not Free Essay1645 Words   |  7 Pagesformation of individual and cultural identity in American literary history. Certain nineteenth century American writers stand out for their real-life dedication to freedom and non-conformity for seeking to free themselves from whatever shackles limited them from reaching their potentials, both literally and figuratively. Henry David Thoreau, Fredrick Douglass, and Ral ph Waldo Emerson are exemplary writers of the nineteenth century who strove to articulate not only the ideas of freedom and justice,